. Introduction: a right to flee 2. Structures, agency, and refugee protection 3. Refugees and the emergence of international society 4. The nineteenth century: a laissez-faire regime 5. The interwar refugee regime and the failure of international cooperation 6. American leadership and the emergence of the postwar regime 7. The norm entrepreneurship of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 8. The non-entrée regime 9. Refugees and state cooperation in international society.